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1.
Femina ; 48(7): 427-431, jul. 31, 2020. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1117444

ABSTRACT

Estima-se que cerca de 28 milhões de cirurgias sejam postergadas ou canceladas no mundo em decorrência desta pandemia, causando atraso no diagnóstico e tratamento de mais de 2 milhões de casos oncológicos. No Brasil, tanto a ANS (Agência Nacional de Saúde) como a Anvisa (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária) orientaram o adiamento das cirurgias eletivas e não essenciais, tendo um impacto considerável no número de procedimentos cirúrgicos, com diminuição de 33,4% neste período no Brasil. No entanto, algumas mulheres necessitam de tratamento para várias doenças ginecológicas, algumas das quais não podem ser adiadas. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar recomendações sobre o tratamento cirúrgico durante a pandemia de COVID-19.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/standards , National Health Strategies , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Hysteroscopy/standards , Laparoscopy/standards
3.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 33(4): e1559, 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152632

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Pediatric procedures have the difficulty of being performed in reduced spaces. Training in reduced spaces has proven to be different in complexity compared to adult laparoscopic endotrainers. Aim: To develop and validate a new neonatal/reduced-space endotrainer. Methods: The simulator was tested and assessed by users with different skill levels and experience in laparoscopic pediatric surgery through an 8-item questionnaire. Construct validity was determined by evaluating the performance of each subject on nine exercises. Results: A 10.5 x 10 x 18 cm acrylic simulator was created, with an internal working surface of 9 x 9 cm. An HD camera was incorporated, with a 0-180° range of movement. All exercises of a Basic Laparoscopic Training Program were adapted on a scale of 1:0.5 to fit in. From 49 participants, 42 (85.71%) answered the survey; 80.5% considered that the simulator reproduces similar conditions to procedures performed in children under one year of age; 61.1% thought that the simulator represents a difficulty identical to procedures performed in newborns; 73.7% considered that the neonatal simulator is more complicated than the adult simulator. Experts showed significantly better performance in all proposed exercises. Conclusion: The simulator has a high-quality image and design that allows training with basic tasks. The endotrainer permitted to discriminate between these different skill levels and was well evaluated by users with diverse surgical experience.


RESUMO Racional: Os procedimentos pediátricos têm dificuldade de serem realizados em espaços reduzidos. O treinamento nesses espaços provou ser diferente em dificuldade em comparação aos endotrainers laparoscópicos adultos. Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar um novo endotrainer neonatal com espaço reduzido. Métodos: O simulador foi criado, testado e avaliado por usuários com diferentes níveis de habilidade e experiência em cirurgia pediátrica laparoscópica por meio de um questionário de oito itens. A validação do método foi determinada pela avaliação do desempenho de cada participante em nove exercícios. Resultados: Foi criado um simulador acrílico de 10,5 x 10 x 18 cm, com uma superfície de trabalho interna de 9 x 9 cm. Uma câmera HD foi incorporada com faixa de movimento de 0-180°. Todos os exercícios do Programa de Treinamento Laparoscópico Básico foram adaptados em escala de 1:0,5 para se ajustarem. Dos 49 participantes, 42 (85,71%) responderam à pesquisa; 80,5% consideraram que o simulador reproduz condições semelhantes às de procedimentos realizados em crianças menores de um ano; 61,1% consideraram que o simulador representa dificuldade semelhante aos procedimentos realizados em recém-nascidos; 73,7% consideraram que o simulador neonatal é mais difícil que o simulador adulto. Especialistas apresentaram desempenho significativamente melhor em todos os exercícios propostos. Conclusão: O simulador possui imagem de alta qualidade e design que permitem o treinamento com exercícios básicos. O aparelho permitiu discriminar entre os diferentes níveis de habilidade e foi bem avaliado por usuários com experiência cirúrgica diversificada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Child , Adult , Middle Aged , Pediatrics/education , General Surgery/education , Clinical Competence , Laparoscopy/education , Simulation Training/standards , Computer Simulation , User-Computer Interface , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Laparoscopy/standards
4.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 47: e20202570, 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1136553

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Diante do quadro de pandemia da COVID-19, a comunidade cirúrgica enfrenta o possível risco de contágio de profissionais envolvidos no ato operatório; gerando preocupações e dúvidas referentes a escolha da via de acesso mais adequada nesse momento. Com objetivo de orientar os cirurgiões, baseado em diversos protocolos publicados até o momento, o Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões traz recomendações acerca deste assunto. O objetivo desta nota técnica é, através de uma compilação de publicações e recomendações de Sociedades Científicas de Cirurgia de todo mundo, trazer orientações relativas ao acesso laparoscópico durante a pandemia por COVID-19.


ABSTRACT During the current COVID-19 pandemic, the surgical community faces the possible risk of infection of health care professionals involved in the surgical procedure. This leaves to concerns and questions referred to the most adequate surgical approach at this moment. With the objective of guiding surgeons, and based in many different protocols published until now, the Brazilian College of surgeons brings recommendations about this subject. The aim of this technical note is, trough a compilaton of publications and recommendations from Scientific Societies of Surgery worldwide, to provide guidelines regarding laparoscopic access during the COVID-19 pandemic.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial/standards , Societies, Medical/standards , Laparoscopy/standards , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Surgeons/standards , Operating Rooms/standards , Pneumonia, Viral/transmission , Brazil , Triage/standards , Coronavirus Infections/transmission , Pandemics/prevention & control , Personal Protective Equipment , Betacoronavirus , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19
5.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 45(6): 1144-1152, Nov.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056343

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Laparoscopic retroperitoneal simple nephrectomy (LRSN) has been widely accepted as a mainstay option for benign non-functioning kidney. The complexity of the procedure, however, differs and remains a subject of controversy. Objective: To develop a standardised Harbin Medical University nephrectomy score (HMUNS) system for evaluating LRSN complexity. Subjects and methods: A total of 6 variables with different factors comprising primary diseases, history of upper urinary tract surgery, body mass index (BMI), surgeon's learning curve, kidney volume, and Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) scores were included in the HMUN score. 95 consecutive patients who underwent LRSN at our institution were divided into low (2 to 6 points) and high (7 to 17 points) complexity groups with HMUNS and investigated the differences of operative time (OT), estimated blood loss (EBL), postoperative hospitalisation time (PHT), rate of intraoperative conversion to open surgery, and the Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC) between both groups. Results: Longer mean operative times (193.2±69.3 min vs. 151.9±46.3 min, p <0.05), more median estimated blood loss (100.0mL vs. 50.0mL, p <0.05), and higher rates of conversion to open surgery (1.2% vs. 25%, p <0.05) were observed in the high-complexity group (n=12) than in the low-complexity group (n=83). However, there were no remarkable differences between the two groups related to the baseline characteristics, post-surgical hospitalisation times, and postoperative complications. Conclusions: The HMUNS can effectively reflect LRSN complexity, thus providing a quantitative system for risk estimation and treatment decisions. Because of some limitations, further well-designed studies are necessary to confirm our findings. Patient summary: The HMUNS, including primary diseases, history of upper urinary tract surgery, BMI, surgeon's learning curve, kidney volume, and MAP score, can provide an effective quantitative tool to evaluate the complexity of LRSN.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Laparoscopy/methods , Risk Assessment/methods , Nephrectomy/methods , Postoperative Complications , Reference Values , Retroperitoneal Space/surgery , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Laparoscopy/standards , Statistics, Nonparametric , Operative Time , Length of Stay , Middle Aged , Nephrectomy/standards
6.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 45(4): 732-738, July-Aug. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019874

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Minimally invasive urologic surgery has been developing in Brazil and now is a routine part of care in many regions and patients with different conditions benefit from it. Training in laparoscopic and robotic surgery has evolved and concerns exist both over the quality of surgical training and the practical effect on results of the urological training. This is an unprecedented study which undertook a census to determinate the current state of laparoscopic and robotic urological practice and to know the mains barriers to adequate practice in Brazil. In august 2017, surveys, consisting of an anonymous questionnaire with 15 questions, were sent via internet to the mailing list of the Brazilian Society of Urology (SBU). With these data, activities related to laparoscopy and robotic surgery of our urologists and the mains difficulties and barriers to practice laparoscopy and robotic surgery were evaluated. In our survey, 413 questionnaires were completed. Majority of the responders were currently working in the southeast region of Brazil (52.1%) and 75.5% of the surgeons performed laparoscopic surgery while, only 12.8%, robotic surgery. The lack of experience on the technique and the lack of equipment were the mains barriers and difficulties for not executing laparoscopic and robotic surgeries, respectively. Proper longitudinal training and access to good equipment in minimally invasive surgery are still barriers for urologists in our country.


Subject(s)
Humans , Urologic Surgical Procedures/standards , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/standards , Laparoscopy/standards , Robotic Surgical Procedures/standards , Urologists/standards , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Urologic Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Urology/standards , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Surveys and Questionnaires , Laparoscopy/methods , Laparoscopy/statistics & numerical data , Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods , Robotic Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Urologists/statistics & numerical data
7.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 65(5): 578-585, May 2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1012969

ABSTRACT

The Guidelines Project, an initiative of the Brazilian Medical Association, aims to combine information from the medical field in order to standardize producers to assist the reasoning and decision-making of doctors. The information provided through this project must be assessed and criticized by the physician responsible for the conduct that will be adopted, depending on the conditions and the clinical status of each patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Laparoscopy/methods , Adrenalectomy/methods , Peritoneum/surgery , Retroperitoneal Space/surgery , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Laparoscopy/standards , Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/surgery , Adrenalectomy/standards
8.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 14(4): 468-472, Oct.-Dec. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-840272

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate laparoscopic skills of third-year Gynecology and Obstetrics residents after training at a training and surgical experimentation center. Methods Use of a prospective questionnaire analyzing demographic data, medical residency, skills, competences, and training in a box trainer and in pigs. Results After the training, there was significant improvement in laparoscopic skills according to the residents (before 1.3/after 2.7; p=0.000) and preceptors (before 2.1/after 4.8; p=0.000). There was also significant improvement in the feeling of competence in surgeries with level 1 and 2 of difficulty. All residents approved the training. Conclusion The training was distributed into 12 hours in the box trainer and 20 hours in animals, and led to better laparoscopic skills and a feeling of more surgical competence in laparoscopic surgery levels 1 and 2.


RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a habilidade laparoscópica dos residentes do terceiro ano de residência médica em Ginecologia e Obstetrícia após treinamento em um centro de treinamento e experimentação cirúrgica. Métodos Aplicação de questionário de forma prospectiva analisando dados demográficos, da residência médica, da habilidade, da competência e do treinamento em caixa preta e em porcas. Resultados Após o treinamento, houve melhora da habilidade em laparoscopia de forma significativa na avaliação dos residentes (antes 1,3/depois 2,7; p=0,000) e preceptores (antes 2,1/depois 4,8; p=0,000). Houve melhora significativa na sensação de competência em cirurgias de níveis 1 e 2 de dificuldade. Todos os residentes aprovaram o treinamento. Conclusão O treinamento dividido em 12 horas de caixa preta e 20 horas em animais trouxe melhora na habilidade em laparoscopia e na sensação de melhora na competência cirúrgica em cirurgias laparoscópicas de níveis 1 e 2.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Adult , Clinical Competence , Laparoscopy/standards , Gynecology/standards , Internship and Residency , Obstetrics/education , Swine , Teaching , Program Evaluation , Surveys and Questionnaires , Laparoscopy/education , Models, Animal , Gynecology/education
9.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 61(6): 507-518, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-771993

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease characterized by sustained painful symptoms that are responsible for a decline in the quality of life of sufferers. Conventional treatment includes surgical and pharmacological therapy aiming at reducing painful symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate pain levels in women with endometriosis, focusing on the influence of conventional treatment in controlling this variable. To do so, a literature search was conducted in the Medline/Pubmed databases, with 119 scientific articles found. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 27 were selected for reading and elaboration of this review. Thus, 9 studies evaluated the contribution of surgery, 17 the use of drugs to reduce pain levels in patients with endometriosis and one assessed surgical and medical treatment. The main results of these searches are presented and discussed in this revision. Surgery and the use of drugs provided reduced pain scores in patients with endometriosis but nevertheless exhibit disadvantages, such as risk of recurrence and side effects, respectively. Treatment of endometriosis is, therefore, a challenge for gynecologists and patients, as they must select the best therapeutic approach for this disease. However, improved quality of life in these patients has been obtained with the use of conventional treatment.


RESUMO A endometriose é uma doença ginecológica crônica caracterizada por quadros álgicos constantes responsáveis pela redução da qualidade de vida das portadoras. O tratamento convencional, que inclui o cirúrgico e farmacológico, tem por finalidade reduzir os sintomas de dor. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os níveis de dor nas mulheres com endometriose, com enfoque na influência do tratamento convencional no controle dessa variável. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica no Medline/PubMed e foram encontrados 119 artigos científicos, sendo que, após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 27 foram selecionados para leitura e elaboração desta revisão. Desse modo, nove estudos avaliaram a contribuição da cirurgia; dezessete, o uso de medicamentos para redução nos níveis de dor em pacientes com endometriose; e um, o tratamento cirúrgico e medicamentoso. Os principais resultados dessas pesquisas estão apresentados e discutidos nesta revisão. A cirurgia e o uso de medicamentos proporcionaram redução nos escores de dor nas pacientes com endometriose, no entanto, exibem desvantagens como risco de recorrência e efeitos colaterais, respectivamente. Assim, o tratamento para endometriose é um desafio para ginecologistas e pacientes, uma vez que é necessário selecionar a melhor abordagem terapêutica para essa doença. Entretanto, melhora na qualidade de vida das pacientes foi obtida com o emprego do tratamento convencional.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Endometriosis/drug therapy , Estrogens/therapeutic use , Pain Measurement/methods , Pelvic Pain/drug therapy , Progestins/therapeutic use , Chronic Disease , Drug Therapy, Combination , Endometriosis/complications , Endometriosis/surgery , Laparoscopy/adverse effects , Laparoscopy/standards , Pelvic Pain/etiology , Pelvic Pain/surgery , Quality of Life
10.
JCPSP-Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 2015; 25 (3): 172-175
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-178035

ABSTRACT

To compare the improvement of intraoperative laparoscopic skills by measuring GOALS score between residents who have undergone simulator training with those who have not received any simulator training. A randomized controlled trial. Department of Surgery, Services Hospital, Lahore, from August 2013 to February 2014. Thirty residents belonging to year 1, 2 and 3 were included in the study. They were randomly divided into 2 groups. Both groups had a baseline evaluation with GOALS score while performing dissection of gallbladder from liver bed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Group-A underwent formal training on simulators whereas group-B did not receive any formal training on simulators. After 6 months, a repeat evaluation was done again by measuring GOALS score while performing gallbladder dissection. Baseline GOALS scores of both the groups were similar. Group-A baseline score was 7.66 +/- 0.93 and group-B score was 7.46 +/- 1.04 [p = 0.585]. However repeat scores for group-A showed a significant improvement [an increase of 7.16 +/- 1.48 to 14.76 +/- 1.67, p < 0.001] from baseline scores. Residents in group-B improved their scores by 2.30 +/- 0.99 to 9.76 +/- 0.79 [p < 0.001]. When inter group comparison was done the second score of group-A was significantly higher than that of group-B [14.76 +/- 1.67 vs. 9.76 +/- 0.79, p < 0.001]. Inter-rater reliability was moderately significant [Kappa 0.540]. Training on laparoscopic simulators results in significant improvement of intraoperative laparoscopic skills


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Laparoscopy/standards , Clinical Competence , Laparoscopy/education , Surgeons/education , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic , Education, Medical , Internship and Residency
11.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 38(1): 4-16, Jan.-Feb. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-623309

ABSTRACT

Despite significant advances in laparoscopic technique and technologies, laparoscopic Urologic surgery remains technically demanding regarding various surgical steps including the challenge of specimen retrieval and extraction, whether to install a drainage system and the best option for wound closure. Laparoscopic specimen entrapment and extraction occurs at what is falsely considered the "end of the procedure". During open surgery, after the specimen has been mobilized, the specimen is simply lifted out of the larger incision which has been made to achieve the surgical objectives. In contrast, significant laparoscopic skill is required to entrap and safely extract laparoscopic specimens. Indeed, the Urologist and surgical team which are transitioning from open surgery may disregard this important part of the procedure which may lead to significant morbidity. As such, it is imperative that during laparoscopic procedures, the "end of the procedure" be strictly defined as the termination of skin closure and dressing placement. Taking a few minutes to focus on safe specimen entrapment and extraction will substantially reduce major morbidity. The following review focus on the technology and technique of specimen entrapment and extraction, on the matter of whether to install a drainage system of the abdominal cavity and the options for adequate closure of trocar site wounds. This article's primary objectives are to focus on how to minimize morbidity while maintain the advantages of a minimally invasive surgical approach.


Subject(s)
Humans , Abdominal Cavity/surgery , Kidney Diseases/surgery , Laparoscopy/standards , Nephrectomy/standards , Bandages , Laparoscopy/instrumentation , Nephrectomy/instrumentation , Sutures , Treatment Outcome
13.
São Paulo med. j ; 126(6): 305-308, Nov. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-507484

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Diagnoses of endometriosis are based on observation of endometriotic lesions by means of laparoscopy, along with the pathological findings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the macroscopic findings in relation to the histopathological findings. More specifically, we aimed to test the efficacy of laparoscopy alone for diagnosing endometriosis and to evaluate the laterality of endometriosis among the study population. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study on women undergoing laparoscopy due to pelvic pain or infertility, in the Gynecology Department of Hospital Santa Cruz in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná. METHODS: A total of 976 patients underwent laparoscopy and biopsy due to pelvic pain and/or infertility. We analyzed the laparoscopic and histopathological findings from patients with pelvic endometriosis (n = 468) and patients without endometriosis (n = 508). RESULTS: In 468 (47.95 percent) of the cases, the clinical and laparoscopic findings were consistent with endometriosis, and this was confirmed histopathologically in 337 (34.5 percent). Among the remaining 508 patients, although the laparoscopy was performed for other reasons relating to acute pelvic pain, eight were diagnosed with endometriosis from histopathological examination of the pelvic specimens obtained. Therefore, endometriosis was confirmed in 345 patients (35.3 percent). In comparison with the histopathology, laparoscopy alone presented 97.68 percent sensitivity, 79.23 percent specificity, 72 percent positive predictive value and 98.42 percent negative predictive value. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy should be used in conjunction with histopathology for diagnosing endometriosis.


CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: O diagnóstico da endometriose é determinado pela visualização dos implantes à laparoscopia e pela comprovação histológica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a sensibilidade e a especificidade dos achados macroscópicos cirúrgicos e histopatológicos. Avaliou-se a eficácia da laparoscopia isoladamente no diagnóstico da endometriose e a lateralidade da doença. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal realizado no Serviço de Ginecologia do Hospital Santa Cruz em Curitiba, Paraná e na Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliadas 976 pacientes submetidas à videolaparoscopia por dor pélvica ou infertilidade e a biópsia. Foram analisados os achados laparoscópicos e histológicos de 468 pacientes com endometriose pélvica e de 508 pacientes sem endometriose. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionadas 468 (47,95 por cento) pacientes para inclusão no presente estudo por apresentarem quadro clínico e videolaparoscópico de suspeita de endometriose. As 508 (52,04 por cento) pacientes restantes tiveram indicação da cirurgia por outras causas relacionadas à dor pélvica e oito tiveram o diagnóstico de endometriose pelo anatomopatológico. A endometriose foi confirmada em 345 pacientes (35,3 por cento). Ao compararmos a análise histológica com os achados a videolaparoscopia, observou-se sensibilidade de 97,68 por cento, especificidade de 79,23 por cento, valor preditivo positivo de 72 por cento, valor preditivo negativo de 98,42 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: Laparoscopia deve ser usada em conjunto com histopatologia para o diagnóstico de endometriose.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Endometriosis/pathology , Laparoscopy/standards , Pelvis/pathology , Biopsy , Epidemiologic Methods , Infertility/diagnosis , Infertility/pathology , Pelvic Pain/diagnosis , Pelvic Pain/pathology
14.
Acta cir. bras ; 21(6): 385-391, Nov.-Dec. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-440745

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate tests performed to confirm the position of the Veress needle inserted into the left hypochondrium for creation of pneumoperitonium. METHODS: One hundred patients were submitted to laparoscopic procedure with left hypochondrium puncturing. Needle positioning tests were evaluated. The aspiration test was considered positive when organic material was aspirated; the injection test was considered positive when no increased resistance to liquid injection was observed; the recovery test was considered positive when the liquid injected was not recovered; the saline drop test was considered positive when drops of saline in the syringe disappeared quickly; the initial intraperitoneal pressure test was considered positive when pressure levels were £ 8 mmHg. A positive aspiration test indicated iatrogenic injury, whereas a positive result in any of the other tests indicated that the tip of the needle was correctly positioned in the peritoneal cavity. Sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the tests were calculated by correlating results considered true positives (a), false positives (b), false negatives (c) and true negatives (d), according to the formulas: SE = [a/(a + c)] x 100; SP = [d/(b + d)] x 100; PPV = [a/(a + b)] x 100; NPV = [d(c + d)] x 100. RESULTS: With regard to the aspiration test, SE and PPV were not applicable, SP was 100 percent and NPV was 100 percent. With regard to the injection test, SE was 0 percent, SP was 100 percent, PPV was inexistent and NPV was 90 percent. Both recovery and saline drop tests yielded the following results: SE was 50 percent, SP was 100 percent, PPV was 100 percent and NPV was 94.7 percent. The initial intraperitoneal pressure test yielded the following results: SE, SP, PPV and NPV were 100 percent. CONCLUSIONS: When inserting the Veress needle into the left hypochondrium, a negative aspiration test guarantees...


OBJETIVO: Avaliar provas de posicionamento da agulha de Veress introduzida no hipocôndrio esquerdo para criação de pneumoperitônio. MÉTODOS: Cem pacientes foram submetidos a laparoscopia com punção no hipocôndrio esquerdo. Provas de posicionamento da agulha foram avaliadas. A prova da aspiração foi considerada positiva quando sugava-se material orgânico; a prova da resistência foi considerada positiva quando apenas pouca pressão à infusão de líquido era observada; a prova de recuperação foi considerada positiva quando o líquido infundido não era recuperado; a prova do gotejamento foi considerada positiva quando gotas depositadas na agulha escoavam rapidamente; a prova da pressão intraperitoneal inicial foi considerada positiva quando os níveis observados eram d" 8 mmHg. Uma prova de aspiração positiva indicava iatrogenia, ao passo que resultados positivos em todas as outras provas indicavam que a ponta da agulha estava adequadamente posicionada na cavidade peritoneal. Foram calculadas a sensibilidade (S), especificidade (E), valores preditivos positivos (VPP) e negativos (VPN) das provas, mediante correlação dos resultados verdadeiro-positivos (a), falso-positivos (b), falso-negativos (c) e verdadeiro-negativos (d), segundo as fórmulas: S = [a/(a + c)] x 100; E = [d/(b + d)] x 100; VPP = [a/(a + b)] x 100; VPN = [d(c + d)] x 100. RESULTADOS: Na prova da aspiração, constatou-se que S e VPP não puderam ser aplicados, e que E = 100 por cento e VPN = 100 por cento. Na prova da resistência, S = 0 por cento, E = 100 por cento, VPP = não existiu e VPN = 90 por cento. Tanto na prova da recuperação como na do gotejamento, S = 50 por cento, E = 100 por cento, VPP = 100 por cento e VPN = 94,7 por cento. Na da pressão inicial, S, E, VPP e VPN = 100 por cento. CONCLUSÕES: Na punção no hipocôndrio esquerdo, um resultado negativo na prova da aspiração garante ausência de iatrogenia; a prova da resistência não indica com certeza o mau posicionamento...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Abdomen/surgery , Laparoscopy/methods , Needles , Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial , Peritoneal Diseases/surgery , Punctures/methods , Abdominal Wall , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Laparoscopes , Laparoscopy/standards , Predictive Value of Tests , Pressure , Prospective Studies , Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial/methods , Punctures/standards
15.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 17(4): 243-249, dic. 2006. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-559686

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La cirugía laparoscópica ha evidenciado considerables ventajas en el tratamiento de la patología colorrectal, sin embargo algunos cuestionamientos a esta técnica han hecho que su aceptación sea aún controvertida. Objetivo: Analizar los resultados obtenidos con el abordaje laparoscópico en el tratamiento de la patología colorrectal. Diseño: Estudio de corte transversal. Pacientes y Métodos: Cien pacientes consecutivos portadores de patología colorrectal, operados por vía laparoscópica en forma electiva entre enero de 2004 y junio de 2005. Se analizaron datos demográficos, indicaciones y cirugías efectuadas, tiempo operatorio, conversión, días de internación y morbimortalidad. Resultados: Edad promedio: 63 (rango, 19-86) años, 56 por ciento mujeres. El 17 por ciento eran obesos (índice de masa corporal ≥ 30). La indicación más frecuente fue el cáncer colorrectal (39 por ciento), seguida de pólipos colorrectales (23 por ciento), enfermedad diverticular (14 por ciento), reconstrucciones de Hartmann (8 por ciento), enfermedades inflamatorias (6 por ciento), prolapso rectal (4 por ciento), poliposis múltiple familiar (2 por ciento) y misceláneas (4 por ciento). Se realizaron 26 hemicolectomías derechas. 24 izquierdas, 16 sigmoidectomías (dos de ellas con rectopromontopexia). 8 reconstrucciones de Hartmann, 7 resecciones anteriores bajas y 3 ultrabajas. 5 colectomías totales. 4 proctocolectomías. 3 rectopromontopexias y 4 misceláneas. Se realizaron procedimientos asociados en el 12 por ciento de los pacientes. El tiempo operatorio promedio fue 240 (rango, 80-480) minutos y el índice de conversión fue 17 por ciento. La mediana de internación fue de 3 (rango, 2-14) días. La morbilidad fue del 14 por ciento y la mortalidad del 1 por ciento. Conclusiones: La cirugía laparoscópica colorrectal es factible y se asoció a una estadía hospitalaria corta, un tiempo operatorio prolongado y bajos índices de morbimortalidad.


Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery has shown several advantages in the treatment of colorectal diseases. However, some other disadvantages related to this technique have made its acceptance controversial. Objective: To analyze the results of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of colorectal diseases. Design: Observational study. Patients and Methods: One hundred consecutive patients with colorectal diseases underwent elective laparoscopic surgery, between January 2004 and June 2005. We analyzed demographic data, indications for surgery, procedure performed, operating time, conversion to open surgery, hospitalization, morbidity and mortality. Results: Mean age was 63 (range, 19-86) years and 56 (56 per cent) patients were women. Seventeen patients were obese (Body Mass Index ≥ 30). The most common indication was colorectal cancer (39 per cent), followed by polyps (23 per cent), diverticular disease (14 per cent), Hartmann reversal (8 per cent), inflammatory bowel diseases (6 per cent), rectal prolapse (4 per cent), familial adenomatous polyposis (2 per cent), and miscellaneous (4 per cent). The procedures included 26 right colectomies, 24 left colectomies, 16 sigmoidectomies (two of them with rectopexy). 8 Hartmann reversals, 7 low and 3 ultra low anterior resections, 5 total abdominal colectomies, 4 proctocolectomies.3 rectopexy, and 4 miscellaneous. Twelve patients underwent associated procedures. Mean operating time was 240 (range. 40- 480) minutes, and conversion rate was 17 per cent. Median hospital stay was 3 (range, 2-14) days. Overall morbidity and mortality rates were 14 per cent and 1 per cent, respectively. Conclusions: Laparoscopic colorectal surgery is feasible and was associated with a short hospital stay, a long operating time, and low morbidity and mortality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Colonic Diseases/surgery , Laparoscopy/methods , Laparoscopy/standards , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Colectomy/methods , Diverticulum, Colon/surgery , Intraoperative Complications , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Obesity/complications , Postoperative Complications , Colonic Polyps/surgery
16.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 52(4): 208-213, jul.-ago. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-434387

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Não há consenso sobre o melhor acesso minimamente invasivo para a ablação cirúrgica das supra-renais. O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar prospectivamente os aspectos intra e pós-operatórios dos pacientes submetidos a cirurgia laparoscópica da supra-renal por meio de dois diferentes acessos: transperitoneal e retroperitoneal. MÉTODOS: Entre janeiro de 1994 e outubro de 2003, 40 pacientes (19 homens e 21 mullheres) com lesões adrenais, incluindo cinco casos de síndrome de Cushing, três de síndrome de Conn, dois neurogangliomas, sete feocromocitomas, 17 adenomas não funcionantes, um tumor virilizante e cinco casos de nódulo pós-tratamento de neoplasia primária não adrenal, foram submetidos a supra-renalectomia laparoscópica por dois cirurgiões. O protocolo foi prospectivo e a via de acesso videoendoscópica foi escolhida de acordo com a indicação do cirurgião. Vinte casos foram submetidos à cirurgia laparoscópica transperitoneal e outros 20 por acesso retroperitoneal. Comparamos o tempo cirúrgico, a perda sangüínea, o tempo para realimentação oral plena, o emprego de analgésicos, as complicações cirúrgicas, a taxa de conversão, o período de internação e o período de retorno às atividades habituais. RESULTADOS: Todos os procedimentos foram realizados com sucesso. O tempo cirúrgico médio e o período para realimentação oral médio foram respectivamente 3,6 horas e 24 horas no grupo transperitoneal e 2,5 horas e 12 horas no grupo retroperitoneal (p<0,05). Não houve diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos em relação a sangramento operatório, analgesia, período de internação e tempo para retorno às atividades habituais. No grupo de acesso transperitoneal, ocorreu um caso de hematoma retroperitoneal e outro que evoluiu com pancreatite pós-operatória. Nos pacientes operados pelo acesso retroperitoneal, houve um caso de hipercarbia intra-operatória, um caso de perfuração do peritôneo e um caso que evoluiu com pneumonia no pós-operatório. Em nenhum dos casos houve necessidade de conversão para cirurgia aberta. CONCLUSÃO: Não há diferenças relevantes entre os acessos transperitoneal e retroperitoneal para a abordagem laparoscópica das supra-renais. Nesta série não randomizada, o tempo cirúrgico e o período para realimentação foram menores no grupo retroperitoneal. A escolha do acesso endoscópico depende das peculiaridades de cada caso e da preferência do cirurgião.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/surgery , Adrenalectomy/methods , Laparoscopy/methods , Adrenalectomy/standards , Chi-Square Distribution , Laparoscopy/standards , Peritoneal Cavity , Prospective Studies , Retroperitoneal Space , Treatment Outcome
17.
Acta cir. bras ; 21(1): 26-30, Jan.-Feb. 2006. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-420967

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Estabelecer parâmetros fidedignos do posicionamento adequado da agulha de Veress na cavidade peritoneal durante o estabelecimento do pneumoperitônio pela técnica fechada. MÉTODOS: Em 11 porcos a agulha foi introduzida na cavidade peritoneal através do hipocôndrio esquerdo. Provas de posicionamento da ponta do instrumento foram efetuadas. Insuflou-se CO2 e registraram-se periodicamente pressões, fluxos e volumes. A posição intraperitoneal da agulha foi confirmada e esta foi retirada, sendo re-introduzida no hipocôndrio direito e posicionada sob visão direta no espaço pré-peritoneal. Os mesmos parâmetros foram aferidos. RESULTADOS: A prova do escoamento foi sempre positiva no peritônio. Não se encontrou resistência à introdução de soro no peritônio em nenhum caso, mas sim em 45,5% dos casos no pré-peritônio. Soro algum foi recuperado em 63,5% no peritônio e em 54,5% no pré-peritônio. O gotejamento fluiu livremente em 66,6% das vezes no peritônio e em 45,5% dos casos no pré-peritônio. No peritônio, pressões iniciais de 5,20 mmHg aumentaram progressivamente durante 123 segundos até atingir 15 mmHg. No pré-peritônio a pressão inicial foi de 15,60 mmHg e oscilou entre 12 e 15,60 mmHg. O volume de gás injetado no peritônio foi de 1500 ml e de 100 ml no pré-peritônio. CONCLUSÕES: Aspiração e observação do escoamento e do gotejamento são importantes; recuperar ou não o soro é inconclusivo. Pressão inicial d" 5 mm é indicativo da ponta da agulha no peritônio, onde devem caber dez vezes mais gás que no pré-peritônio. No peritônio os aumentos das pressões e dos volumes pode ser previstos mediante estatísticas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Laparoscopy/methods , Needles , Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial/standards , Punctures/methods , Disease Models, Animal , Evaluation Study , Laparoscopy/standards , Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial/methods , Punctures/standards , Sensitivity and Specificity , Swine
18.
JSP-Journal of Surgery Pakistan International. 2006; 11 (4): 170-171
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-164180

ABSTRACT

The objective of the study was to find out the rate of complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy being performed by trainees under supervision. Case Series. Place and Duration: Study was conducted in Surgical unit-1 [ward-3] of JPMC Karachi from November 2001 to November 2005. All the patients above twelve years of age of both sexes were admitted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy after evaluation in the outpatients department who were diagnosed as cases of chronic cholecystitis with cholelithiasis. A total of 620 patients were included in the study. Biliary complications were 0.16% and non biliary 0.8%. Vascular injury, diaphragmatic injury and pneumothorax did not occur in our study. Complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the hands of trainees can be minimized by adhering to the principles of good laparoscopic surgery


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Cholecystectomy/standards , Laparoscopy/standards , Outpatients
19.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 2005 Nov; 103(11): 638
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-97577
20.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 70(1): 15-20, 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-417770

ABSTRACT

Se presenta una experiencia local de cirugía laparoscópica en el embarazo ectópico tubárico, y basado en la literatura, se discute su rol actual entre diferentes tipos de tratamiento: el quirúrgico, el médico, y la conducta expectante. Se analizan los efectos de estos regímenes en función del éxito del tratamiento, la necesidad de reintervención, la permeabilidad tubárica y fertilidad futura.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Pregnancy, Ectopic/surgery , Pregnancy, Ectopic/diagnosis , Pregnancy, Ectopic/drug therapy , Pregnancy, Ectopic/therapy , Laparoscopy/standards , Laparoscopy/trends , Laparoscopy , Chile/epidemiology , Methotrexate/administration & dosage , Methotrexate/therapeutic use , Salpingostomy/standards , Salpingostomy/trends , Salpingostomy
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